@article{ref1,
title="Abuse among school going adolescents in three major cities of Pakistan: is it associated with school performances and mood disorders?",
journal="JPMA: Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association",
year="2015",
author="Khawaja, Saleem and Khoja, Adeel Akbar and Motwani, Komal",
volume="65",
number="2",
pages="142-147",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: To assess the proportion of various types of abuses and their association with school performances and psychological stress among adolescents from three major cities of Pakistan. <br><br>METHODS: The cross-sectional school survey was conducted from March to September 2009, comprising adolescent students at six schools in Karachi, Lahore and Quetta. Data was collected using a self-administered and pre-tested questionnaire by trained medical students. SPSS 16 was used for statistical analysis. <br><br>RESULTS: Of the 414 subjects in the study, there were 223 (54%) boys and 191 (46%) girls with an overall mean age of 14.36 ± 1.08 years. In all, 140 (33.7%) participants were physically abused and 236 (57%) participants were verbally abused in the preceding 12 months. Besides, 245 (59.2%) were involved in physical fight and 195 (47.1%) had suffered injury during the preceding year. There were 171 (41.4%) subjects having suffered bullying during the same period. Verbal abuse (p = 0.05), physical fight (p = 0.05) and bullying (p < 0.001) were significantly associated with poor school performances among adolescents. Physical abuse (p = 0.05), verbal abuse (p = 0.003), injury (p = 0.02) and bullying (p < 0.001) were significantly associated with psychological stress. <br><br>CONCLUSION: Various types of abuse were quite prevalent in adolescents that were significantly associated with poor school performance and poor mental health.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0030-9982",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}