@article{ref1,
title="Workplace bullying and sickness presenteeism: cross-sectional and prospective associations in a 2-year follow-up study",
journal="International archives of occupational and environmental health",
year="2015",
author="Conway, Paul Maurice and Clausen, Thomas and Hansen, Ase Marie and Hogh, Annie",
volume="89",
number="1",
pages="103-114",
abstract="PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate exposure to workplace bullying as a potential risk factor for sickness presenteeism (SP), i.e. working while ill. <br><br>METHODS: This study is based on data collected through self-reported questionnaires in a 2-year prospective study on employees in Denmark. At baseline, 3363 employees (45.7 % response rate) answered to a questionnaire on their psychosocial work environment and health status. After 2 years, 1664 of the respondents also completed a follow-up questionnaire (49.5 % of the total baseline respondents). After excluding participants with missing values, the final samples were composed of 2865 and 1331 participants in the cross-sectional and prospective analyses, respectively. <br><br>RESULTS: Modified poisson regression analyses showed that frequent (i.e. daily or weekly) exposure to workplace bullying was associated with reporting 8 or more days of SP in the preceding year in both the cross-sectional and the prospective analysis, also when controlling for several confounders including health-related variables. However, the prospective relationship became non-significant after adjustment for baseline SP. <br><br>CONCLUSION: This study provides indications of a significant relationship between exposure to frequent workplace bullying and SP, although causal connections could not be established. <br><br>METHODological and theoretical considerations about study findings are provided, which could be of benefit to future studies examining the impact of being a target of workplace bullying on SP.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0340-0131",
doi="10.1007/s00420-015-1055-9",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00420-015-1055-9"
}