@article{ref1,
title="Effectiveness of antilock brakes in passenger cars",
journal="Transportation research record",
year="1977",
author="Pulling, Nathaniel H.",
volume="623",
number="",
pages="76-79",
abstract="At the First International Skid Conference eighteen years ago, Lister and Kemp described experiements with antilock braking for passenger cars. Subsequently a number of systems were developed and several were placed in limited production. Although both 2-wheel and 4-wheel antilock braking systems perform superbly well under treacherous driving conditions, they have not proved to be commercially successful. Several published studies are reviewed which have shown that antilock braking in automobilies has worthwhile potential for skid control and accident avoidance. An economic study of 100 skidding accidents from a randomly-selected sample of 613 insurance cases is described in detail. The benefit/cost ratios for passenger cars was estimated from the data to be 1.4 for 2-wheel antilock braking and 1.3 for 4-wheel systems, and payback periods were determined to be about 7 and 8 years respectively. The outlook for antilock brakes in passenger cars is discussed.<p />",
language="en",
issn="0361-1981",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}