@article{ref1,
title="Automobile-restricted zones",
journal="Transportation research record",
year="1977",
author="Gamble, Hays B.",
volume="634",
number="",
pages="7-13",
abstract="The automobile-restricted zone, in which the free flow of traffic into a congested area is reduced, has been suggested as a potential solution to some of the problems of downtown business areas. This paper reports on a conference session that discussed problems, experiences, and opportunities of such zones. The following topics are considered: Recent experiences with automobile-restricted zones in Europe and in the United States are compared. The concepts, goals, and techniques for implementing automobile-restricted zones are discussed. A series of disaggregate, behavioral travel-demand models that were used to estimate the impacts of various automobile-restrictive policies on downtown retail and employment centers are described. The planning and design opportunities available in automobile-restricted zones are discussed. The economic approach to congestion problems, i.e., roadway pricing, is introduced, and its implementation in Singapore is described.<p />",
language="en",
issn="0361-1981",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}