@article{ref1,
title="Correlates with history of injury in youth and adolescent pitchers",
journal="Arthroscopy",
year="2015",
author="Chalmers, Peter N. and Sgroi, Terrance and Riff, Andrew J. and Lesniak, Matthew and Sayegh, Eli T. and Verma, Nikhil N. and Cole, Brian J. and Romeo, Anthony A.",
volume="31",
number="7",
pages="1349-1357",
abstract="PURPOSE: To determine the factors within pitcher demographic characteristics, pitching history, and pitch kinematics, including velocity, that correlate with a history of pitching-related injury. <br><br>METHODS: Demographic and kinematic data were collected on healthy youth and adolescent pitchers aged 9 to 22 years in preseason training during a single preseason using dual orthogonal high-speed video analysis. Pitchers who threw sidearm and those who had transitioned to another position were excluded. Players were asked whether they had ever had a pitching-related shoulder or elbow injury. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed on those variables that correlated with a history of injury. <br><br>RESULTS: Four hundred twenty pitchers were included, of whom 31% had a history of a pitching-related injury. Participant height (P =.009, R(2) = 0.023), pitching for more than 1 team (P =.019, R(2) = 0.018), and pitch velocity (P =.006, R(2) = 0.194) served as independent correlates of injury status. A model constructed with these 3 variables could correctly predict 77% of injury histories. Within our cohort, the presence of a 10-inch increase in height was associated with an increase in a history of injury by 20% and a 10-mph increase in velocity was associated with an increase in the likelihood of a history of injury by 12%. Playing for more than 1 team increased the likelihood of a history of injury by 22%. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Pitch velocity, pitcher height, and pitching for more than 1 team correlate with a history of shoulder and elbow injury. Current recommendations regarding breaking pitches may not prevent injury. Pitchers should be cautioned about pitching for more than 1 team. Taller pitchers and high-velocity pitchers may be at risk of injury.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0749-8063",
doi="10.1016/j.arthro.2015.03.017",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.arthro.2015.03.017"
}