@article{ref1,
title="Drug use and childhood-, military- and post-military trauma exposure among women and men veterans",
journal="Drug and alcohol dependence",
year="2015",
author="Kelley, Michelle L. and Brancu, Mira and Robbins, Allison T. and D'Lima, Gabrielle M. and Strauss, Jennifer L. and Curry, John F. and Fairbank, John A. and Runnals, Jennifer J.",
volume="152",
number="",
pages="201-208",
abstract="BACKGROUND: The current study was undertaken to examine whether posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and depressive symptoms mediated the association between trauma exposure (combat-related trauma and non-combat traumas occurring before, during, and after military service), and drug abuse symptoms use among male and female veterans. <br><br>METHODS: Participants were 2304 (1851 male, 453 female) veterans who took part in a multi-site research study conducted through the Department of Veterans Affairs Mid-Atlantic Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center (VISN 6 MIRECC). Path analytic models were used to determine the association between problematic past-year drug use and combat-related and non-combat trauma experienced before, during, or after the military and whether current post-traumatic stress symptoms or depressive symptoms mediated these associations. <br><br>RESULTS: For both male and female veterans, depressive symptoms significantly mediated the effects of pre- and post-military trauma on drug abuse symptoms. <br><br>CONCLUSION: Mental health providers who work with trauma-exposed Iraq and Afghanistan era veterans should assess for drug use, depressive symptoms, and life-span trauma (i.e., not only combat-related traumas) as part of a thorough trauma-based assessment for both men and women.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0376-8716",
doi="10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.03.038",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.03.038"
}