@article{ref1,
title="Do we harm others even if we don't need to?",
journal="Frontiers in psychology",
year="2015",
author="Cacault, M. Paula and Goette, Lorenz and Lalive, Rafael and Thoenig, Mathias",
volume="6",
number="",
pages="e729-e729",
abstract="Evolutionary explanations of the co-existence of large-scale cooperation and warfare in human societies rest on the hypothesis of parochial altruism, the view that in-group pro-sociality and out-group anti-sociality have co-evolved. We designed an experiment that allows subjects to freely choose between actions that are purely pro-social, purely anti-social, or a combination of the two. We present behavioral evidence on the existence of strong aggression-a pattern of non-strategic behaviors that are welfare-reducing for all individuals (i.e., victims and perpetrators). We also show how strong aggression serves to dynamically stabilize in-group pro-sociality.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1664-1078",
doi="10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00729",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00729"
}