@article{ref1,
title=""Addicted to euphoria": the history, clinical presentation, and management of party drug misuse",
journal="International review of neurobiology",
year="2015",
author="Bearn, Jenny and O'Brien, Matthew",
volume="120",
number="",
pages="205-233",
abstract="Eating, drinking, sexual activity, and parenting invoke pleasure, an emotion that promotes repetition of these behaviors, are essential for survival. Euphoria, a feeling or state of intense excitement and happiness, is an amplification of pleasure, aspired to one's essential biological needs that are satisfied. People use party drugs as a shortcut to euphoria. Ecstasy (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine), γ-hydroxybutyric acid, and ketamine fall under the umbrella of the term &quot;party drugs,&quot; each with differing neuropharmacological and physiological actions. This chapter seeks to survey the history and epidemiology of party drug use; we will then discuss the pharmacological characteristics of each drug to provide a platform for understanding the difficulties that party drug users encounter through intoxication, harmful use, dependence, and withdrawal and how these should be clinically managed.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0074-7742",
doi="10.1016/bs.irn.2015.02.005",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/bs.irn.2015.02.005"
}