@article{ref1,
title="Childhood injuries due to hay-hole falls: a 19-year experience at a rural pediatric trauma center",
journal="Pediatric emergency care",
year="2015",
author="Engbrecht, Brett W. and Kulaylat, Afif N. and Dias, Mark and Kendig, James W. and Cilley, Robert E.",
volume="32",
number="7",
pages="455-458",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: Children who live, work, and play on farms with barn design that includes hay-holes are at risk for a particular type of fall. This study retrospectively reviews all children admitted to a pediatric trauma center with injuries due to fall through a hay-hole over a 19-year period. This study is the first to specifically describe hay-hole fall injuries. <br><br>METHODS: A retrospective review from a 19-year period at a rural pediatric trauma center identified 66 patients who sustained injuries from a hay-hole fall. Charts were reviewed for patient demographics, injuries, interventions, and hospital course. <br><br>RESULTS: Sixty-six patients sustained injuries from hay-hole falls. Median patient age was 4 years, and median Injury Severity Score was 14. Forty-one percent of patients were admitted to the intensive care unit, and 26% of patients were intubated. Injuries included skull fracture (73%), facial fracture (27%), intracranial hemorrhage (53%), and noncraniofacial injuries (12%). Eighteen percent required a therapeutic intervention. There was 1 fatality (2%). <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Hay-hole fall appears to be a distinct injury mechanism, and patients present with different injury patterns than other types of falls. In this study, a high proportion of patients were young, and craniofacial injuries accounted for the majority of injuries. Only a small proportion of patients sustained noncraniofacial injuries. Injury prevention strategies should be targeted to this unique agrarian injury.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0749-5161",
doi="10.1097/PEC.0000000000000450",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/PEC.0000000000000450"
}