@article{ref1,
title="A web-based study of bipolarity and impulsivity in athletes engaging in extreme and high-risk sports",
journal="Acta neuropsychiatrica",
year="2015",
author="Dudek, Dominika and Siwek, Marcin and Jaeschke, Rafał and Drozdowicz, Katarzyna and Styczen, Krzysztof and Arciszewska, Aleksandra and Chrobak, Adrian A. and Rybakowski, Janusz K.",
volume="28",
number="3",
pages="179-183",
abstract="BACKGROUND: We hypothesised that men and women who engage in extreme or high-risk sports would score higher on standardised measures of bipolarity and impulsivity compared to age and gender matched controls. <br><br>METHODS: Four-hundred and eighty extreme or high-risk athletes (255 males and 225 females) and 235 age-matched control persons (107 males and 128 females) were enrolled into the web-based case-control study. The Mood Disorder Questionnaire (MDQ) and Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11) were administered to screen for bipolarity and impulsive behaviours, respectively. <br><br>RESULTS: Results indicated that extreme or high-risk athletes had significantly higher scores of bipolarity and impulsivity, and lower scores on cognitive complexity of the BIS-11, compared to controls. Further, there were positive correlations between the MDQ and BIS-11 scores. <br><br>CONCLUSION: These results showed greater rates of bipolarity and impulsivity, in the extreme or high-risk athletes, suggesting these measures are sensitive to high-risk behaviours.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0924-2708",
doi="10.1017/neu.2015.44",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/neu.2015.44"
}