@article{ref1,
title="A meta-analysis on the impact of psychiatric disorders and maltreatment on cognition",
journal="Neuropsychology",
year="2015",
author="Masson, Marjolaine and East-Richard, Caroline and Cellard, Caroline",
volume="30",
number="2",
pages="143-156",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: Few studies have attempted to describe the range of cognitive impairments in individuals with psychiatric disorders who experienced maltreatment as children. The aims of this meta-analysis were to establish the impact of maltreatment and psychiatric disorders on cognition, and to examine the change in impact from childhood to adulthood. <br><br>METHOD: Twelve publications from 1970 to 2013 were included, with the following inclusion criteria: (a) individuals with a psychiatric disorder who experienced maltreatment, (b) use of at least 1 standardized neuropsychological measure, and (c) use of a control group without any psychiatric disorder or mistreatment. The majority of studies (10/12) were about posttraumatic stress disorder. Several effect sizes were calculated (Hedge's g) according to the cognitive domains. <br><br>RESULTS: The results of the meta-analysis demonstrate that the combination of psychiatric disorders and childhood maltreatment has a negative impact on global cognitive performance, with a moderate effect size (g = -0.59). The most affected cognitive domains for individuals aged 7- to 18-years-old were visual episodic memory (g = -0.97), executive functioning (g = -0.90), and intelligence (g = -0.68). For individuals over the age of 18-years-old, the most affected cognitive domains were verbal episodic memory (g = -0.77), visuospatial/problem solving (g = -0.73), and attention (g = -0.72). The impact of maltreatment and psychiatric disorders was greater in children than in adults (slope = 0.008, p <.002). <br><br>CONCLUSION: The results suggest that exposure to maltreatment and the presence of psychiatric disorders have a broad impact on cognition, with specific neuropsychological profile. (PsycINFO Database Record<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0894-4105",
doi="10.1037/neu0000228",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/neu0000228"
}