@article{ref1,
title="Ethanol exposure and isolated traumatic brain injury",
journal="Journal of clinical neuroscience",
year="2015",
author="Brennan, James H. and Bernard, Stephen and Cameron, Peter A. and Olaussen, Alexander and Fitzgerald, Mark C. and Rosenfeld, Jeffrey V. and Mitra, Biswadev",
volume="22",
number="12",
pages="1928-1932",
abstract="This study aims to investigate an association between ethanol exposure and in-hospital mortality among patients with isolated traumatic brain injury (iTBI). Ethanol exposure is associated with a substantially increased risk of sustaining an iTBI. However, once an iTBI has been sustained, it is unclear whether ethanol exposure is neuroprotective or harmful. We conducted a retrospective review of patients who presented between 2006 and 2012 and were entered into the Alfred Hospital trauma registry. The patients who presented with iTBI, as defined by a head abbreviated injury scale (AIS) score ⩾3 and all other body regions with AIS<3, and who had ethanol levels recorded on admission, were eligible for inclusion. The association between ethanol exposure as a continuous variable, and in-hospital mortality, was explored using multivariable logistic regression analysis. There were 1688 patients with iTBI who met the inclusion criteria, 577 (34.2%) of whom tested positive for ethanol. Ethanol exposure was not significantly associated with a change in the in-hospital mortality rate (adjusted odds ratio 1.01; 95% confidence interval 1.00-1.02; p=0.19). A substantial proportion of patients with iTBI were exposed to ethanol, but ethanol exposure was not independently associated with a change in mortality rate following iTBI. Any neuroprotection or harm from ethanol exposure was not conclusive, requiring further prospective trials.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0967-5868",
doi="10.1016/j.jocn.2015.05.034",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jocn.2015.05.034"
}