@article{ref1,
title="Temperature measurement inside protective headgear: comparison with core temperatures and indicators of physiological strain during exercise in a hot environment",
journal="Journal of occupational and environmental hygiene",
year="2015",
author="Mitchell, Joel B. and Goldston, Kelly R. and Adams, Amy N. and Crisp, Kelli M. and Franklin, Brian B. and Kreutzer, Andreas and Montalvo, Diego X. and Turner, Marcell G. and Phillips, Melody D.",
volume="12",
number="12",
pages="866-874",
abstract="INTRODUCTION: Non-invasive temperature monitoring with a sensor inside protective headgear may be effective in detecting temperatures that are associated with heat illness. <br><br>PURPOSE: To establish the relationship between in-hardhat temperatures (Tih) and core temperature (Tc) as measured by rectal (Tre) and esophageal (Tes) probes. <br><br>METHODS: Thirty males (age 24.57±4.32 yrs.) completed two trials: continuous submaximal exercise (CSE) and a series of high intensity 30-sec sprints (HIE) with a one-minute rest between each. Exercise in both conditions was in a 36° C environment (40% RH) while wearing a standard hardhat with sensors mounted on the forehead that were monitored remotely. Exercise continued until voluntary termination or until Tc reached 39.5°C. Temperatures, heart rate, cardiorespiratory, and perceptual responses were monitored throughout. A physiological strain index (PSI) was calculated from Tc and HR. <br><br>RESULTS: The final temperatures in the CSE condition were 38.77 ± 0.41, 38.90 ± 0.49 and 39.29 ± 0.58 °C and in the HIE condition, final temperatures were 38.76 ±0.37, 38.91±0.47 and 39.19±0.57 f (o)C for Tih, Tre and Tes, respectively. The PSI in CSE was 9.62±062, 9.18±1.11 and 10.04±1.05, and in the HIE condition 9.67±068, 9.29±0.99 and 9.86±1.02 based on Tih, Tre and Tes, respectively. <br><br>CONCLUSION: The general agreement between the Tih and other temperature measures along with the consistency as indicated by a low coefficient of variation (approx. 1%) in the recordings of the Tih sensors at the point of termination suggest that this device, or similar devices, may have application as a warning system for impending heat-related problems.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1545-9624",
doi="10.1080/15459624.2015.1072631",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15459624.2015.1072631"
}