@article{ref1,
title="Early identification of treatment non-response utilizing the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9)",
journal="Journal of psychiatric research",
year="2015",
author="Fowler, J. Christopher and Patriquin, Michelle and Madan, Alok and Allen, Jon G. and Frueh, B. Christopher and Oldham, John M.",
volume="68",
number="",
pages="114-119",
abstract="BACKGROUND: Treatment non-response among high-risk, psychiatric patients exposes those suffering to suicidal risk as well as persistent social and occupational difficulties. Strategies for identification of treatment non-response are limited. AIMS: Diagnostic efficiency of a self-report, cross-cutting symptom measure was assessed as a marker of treatment non-response. <br><br>METHOD: 835 inpatients at a specialist psychiatric hospital completed the Patient Health Questionnaire - Depression (PHQ-9) at admission and every two weeks during hospitalization. <br><br>RESULTS: For patients admitted with severe depression (PHQ-9 ≥ 20), results indicated good accuracy of 2-week PHQ-9 change score in identifying treatment non-response (AUC = 0.80, SE = 0.04, p < .0001; sensitivity = 85%; specificity = 73%; OR = 14.91). <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: The search for predictors of non-response to psychiatric treatment has a long and generally unfulfilled history. The PHQ-9 change score holds promise as a cost-effective test with comparable diagnostic characteristics to other medical tests.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0022-3956",
doi="10.1016/j.jpsychires.2015.06.018",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2015.06.018"
}