@article{ref1,
title="Prevalence of mental health conditions after military blast exposure, their co-occurrence, and their relation to mild traumatic brain injury",
journal="Brain injury",
year="2015",
author="Walker, William C. and Franke, L. M. and McDonald, S. D. and Sima, Adam P. and Keyser-Marcus, L.",
volume="29",
number="13-14",
pages="1581-1588",
abstract="PRIMARY OBJECTIVES: To measure common psychiatric conditions after military deployment with blast exposure and test relationships to post-concussion syndrome (PCS) symptoms and mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) history. RESEARCH DESIGN: Cross-sectional. <br><br>METHODS AND PROCEDURES: Service members or Veterans (n = 107) within 2 years of blast exposure underwent structured interviews for mTBI, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and multiple mood and anxiety diagnoses. MAIN OUTCOMES AND RESULTS: MTBI history and active PTSD were both common, additionally 61% had at least one post-deployment mood or anxiety disorder episode. Psychiatric diagnoses had a high degree of comorbidity. Most dramatically, depression was 43-times (95% CI = 11-165) more likely if an individual had PTSD. PCS symptoms were greater in those with post-deployment PTSD or mood diagnosis. However, neither mTBI nor blast exposure history had an effect on the odds of having PTSD, mood or anxiety condition. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: These findings support that psychiatric conditions beyond PTSD are common after military combat deployment with blast exposure. They also highlight the non-specificity of post-concussion type symptoms. While some researchers have implicated mTBI history as a contributor to post-deployment mental health conditions, no clear association was found. This may partly be due to the more rigorous method of retrospective mTBI diagnosis determination.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0269-9052",
doi="10.3109/02699052.2015.1075151",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/02699052.2015.1075151"
}