@article{ref1,
title="Globalisation masculinities, empire building and forced prostitution: a critical analysis of the gendered impact of the neoliberal economic agenda in post-invasion/occupation Iraq",
journal="Third World quarterly",
year="2015",
author="Banwell, Stacy",
volume="36",
number="4",
pages="705-722",
abstract="Adopting a transnational feminist lens and using a political economy approach, this article addresses both the direct and indirect consequences of the 2003 war in Iraq, specifically the impact on civilian women. Pre-war security and gender relations in Iraq will be compared with the situation post-invasion/occupation. The article examines the globalised processes of capitalism, neoliberalism and neo-colonialism and their impact on the political, social and economic infrastructure in Iraq. Particular attention will be paid to illicit and informal economies: coping, combat and criminal. The 2003 Iraq war was fought using masculinities of empire, post-colonialism and neoliberalism. Using the example of forced prostitution, the article will argue that these globalisation masculinities - specifically the privatisation agenda of the West and its illegal economic occupation - have resulted in women either being forced into the illicit (coping) economy as a means of survival, or trafficked for sexual slavery by profit-seeking criminal networks who exploit the informal economy in a post-invasion/occupation Iraq.   Keywords:neoliberalism; gender-based violence; globalisation masculinities; post-colonialism; political economy; transnational feminism, Human trafficking<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0143-6597",
doi="10.1080/01436597.2015.1024434",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2015.1024434"
}