@article{ref1,
title="Anterior cruciate ligament injuries in elite and high school rugby players: An 11-year review",
journal="Physician and sportsmedicine",
year="2015",
author="Takazawa, Yuji and Nagayama, Masataka and Saita, Yoshitomo and Kawasaki, Takayuki and Kaneko, Kazuo",
volume="44",
number="1",
pages="53-58",
abstract="OBJECTIVES: Over an 11-year period, we investigated the incidence of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries and the clinical outcomes after ACL reconstruction with hamstring autografts in two homogenous cohorts of rugby players. <br><br>METHODS: Two teams, including those in elite (94 players) and high school (290 players) clubs, were followed. <br><br>RESULTS: Isolated ACL injuries occurred in 28 players (12 elite, 16 high school). The incidence during match play was 1.26 per 1000 player-hours (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.48-2.05) among elite players and 0.97 per 1000 player-hours (95% CI, 0.30-1.64) among high school players. After ACL reconstruction, 26 players (12 elite, 14 high school) were successfully contacted for follow-up at a mean of 71.9 months. None (0%) of the elite and 4 (29%) of the high school players experienced graft ruptures. Seven (58%) elite and 10 (91%) high school players were fearful of re-injury; the mean time to overcome this fear was 6.1 ± 4.9 months among elite players and 17.5 ± 26.0 months among high school players. <br><br>CONCLUSION: In conclusion, young rugby players experienced inferior outcomes after ACL reconstruction with hamstring autografts compared with their older counterparts.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0091-3847",
doi="10.1080/00913847.2016.1116362",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00913847.2016.1116362"
}