@article{ref1,
title="Demographic and clinical risk factors associated with hospital mortality after isolated severe traumatic brain injury: a cohort study",
journal="Journal of intensive care",
year="2015",
author="Krishnamoorthy, Vijay and Vavilala, Monica S. and Mills, Brianna and Rowhani-Rahbar, Ali",
volume="3",
number="",
pages="46-46",
abstract="BACKGROUND: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major public health problem and a leading cause of death worldwide. A paucity of literature exists on risk factors for mortality in isolated severe TBI, a condition that is distinct from severe TBI in the setting of multisystem trauma. We determined risk factors for in-hospital mortality in this patient population. <br><br>METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using data from the National Trauma Databank from 2008-2012 to study all patients admitted with a diagnosis of severe TBI, excluding children, patients with non-isolated TBI, transfers, and hospitalization <48 h. We used multivariable Poisson regression to analyze the association between demographic, clinical, and facility-level characteristics and in-hospital mortality. <br><br>RESULTS: A total of 41,590 patients were included in our analysis. The cumulative incidence of in-hospital mortality was 10.2 %. In multivariable analysis, older age (RR 3.92, 95 % CI 3.54-4.34), male gender (RR 1.17, 95 % CI 1.09-1.25), admission hypotension (RR 1.83, 95 % CI 1.61-2.09), the need for mechanical ventilation (RR 4.18, 95 % CI 3.64-4.80), higher injury severity score (RR 1.86, 95 % CI 1.41-2.45), and poor initial neurologic grade (RR 3.06, 95 % CI 2.74-3.43) were associated with a higher risk for mortality. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Admission hypotension and the need for mechanical ventilation were possible modifiable risk factors associated with increased in-hospital mortality following isolated severe TBI. Although risk factors for mortality are similar in isolated and non-isolated TBI, the underlying etiologies for hypotension and respiratory failure are likely different in both conditions and require further exploration.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="2052-0492",
doi="10.1186/s40560-015-0113-4",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40560-015-0113-4"
}