@article{ref1,
title="Do adults' pretense signals promote pretend play behavior in children?",
journal="Shinrigaku Kenkyu",
year="2015",
author="Ban, Midori and Uchiyama, Ichiro",
volume="86",
number="4",
pages="333-339",
abstract="Our goal in this study was to examine whether controlled pretense signal presentation by an adult promoted pretend play behavior in toddlers. Seventy-two Japanese toddlers (24 toddlers in the 18-month-old group, 24 toddlers in the 24-month-old group, and 24 toddlers in the 30-month-old group) participated in one of two experimental conditions: signal and signal-less. In the signal condition, the experimenter presented children with pretend play behaviors (eating, drinking, pouring, and wiping) accompanied by a smile, speech including sound effects, and gazing. In the signal-less condition, the experimenter presented only pretend play behavior with a neutral facial expression without speech or gazing. For each child, we coded the number of pretend play behaviors and recorded the number of seconds the toddler engaged in the behavior. <br><br>RESULTS indicated that 18- and 24-month-old toddlers' pretend play behavior lasted longer in the signal condition than it did in the signal-less condition. However, the 30-month-old toddlers showed no difference in pretend play behaviors between the signal conditions. In sum, adults' pretense signals promoted pretend play behavior only in 18- and 24-month-olds, and not in 30-month-olds.<p /> <p>Language: ja</p>",
language="ja",
issn="0021-5236",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}