@article{ref1,
title="Recognition of the neurobiological insults imposed by complex trauma and the implications for psychotherapeutic interventions",
journal="BJPsych bulletin",
year="2015",
author="Hull, Alastair M. and Corrigan, Frank M.",
volume="39",
number="2",
pages="79-86",
abstract="Considerable research has been conducted on particular approaches to the psychotherapy of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, the evidence indicates that modalities tested in randomised controlled trials (RCTs) are far from 100% applicable and effective and the RCT model itself is inadequate for evaluating treatments of conditions with complex presentations and frequently multiple comorbidities. Evidence at levels 2 and 3 cannot be ignored. Expert-led interventions consistent with the emerging understanding of affective neuroscience are needed and not the unthinking application of a dominant therapeutic paradigm with evidence for PTSD but not complex PTSD. The over-optimistic claims for the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) and misrepresentation of other approaches do not best serve a group of patients greatly in need of help; excluding individuals with such disorders as untreatable or treatment-resistant when viable alternatives exist is not acceptable.<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="2056-4694",
doi="10.1192/pb.bp.114.047134",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.bp.114.047134"
}