@article{ref1,
title="Tryptophan hydroxylase 1 gene polymorphisms alter prefrontal cortex activation during response inhibition",
journal="Neuropsychology",
year="2016",
author="Ruocco, Anthony C. and Rodrigo, Achala H. and Carcone, Dean and McMain, Shelley and Jacobs, Grace and Kennedy, James L.",
volume="30",
number="1",
pages="18-27",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: The tryptophan hydroxylase 1 gene (TPH1) catalyzes the formation of 5-hydroxytryptophan, a precursor to the neurotransmitter serotonin. Variations in the gene encoding this enzyme may underlie difficulties in impulse control; however, the proximate relationship between risk alleles for polymorphisms in the TPH1 gene and the neural correlates of response inhibition remain poorly understood. The present study examined the relationship of 2 single nucleotide polymorphisms in the TPH1 gene (rs1799913 and rs4537731) to prefrontal cortex (PFC) activation on a response inhibition task. <br><br>METHOD: Evoked hemodynamic oxygenation in the PFC was measured in 30 unrelated healthy adult women using 16-channel continuous-wave functional near-infrared spectroscopy while they completed a manual go/no-go task. <br><br>RESULTS: TPH1 alleles showed no association with demographic characteristics, general intelligence, impulsive personality traits, or accuracy and response latency indices on the go/no-go task. Participants carrying the risk alleles, however, showed less activity primarily in bilateral inferior frontal gyri and medial PFC under conditions of response inhibition. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Polymorphisms in the TPH1 gene may be represented by diminished activity in lateral areas of the PFC underlying response inhibition. Reduced activity in medial PFC might represent altered self-monitoring of performances on the response inhibition task. (PsycINFO Database Record<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0894-4105",
doi="10.1037/neu0000237",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/neu0000237"
}