@article{ref1,
title="Serious injury and fatality investigations involving pneumatic nail guns, 1985-2012",
journal="American journal of industrial medicine",
year="2016",
author="Lowe, Brian D. and Albers, James T. and Hudock, Stephen D. and Krieg, Edward F.",
volume="59",
number="2",
pages="164-174",
abstract="BACKGROUND: This article examines serious and fatal pneumatic nail gun (PNG) injury investigations for workplace, tool design, and human factors relevant to causation and resulting OS&H authorities' responses in terms of citations and penalties. <br><br>METHODS: The U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) database of Fatality and Catastrophe Investigation Summaries (F&CIS) were reviewed (1985-2012) to identify n = 258 PNG accidents. <br><br>RESULTS: 79.8% of investigations, and 100% of fatalities, occurred in the construction industry. Between 53-71% of injuries appear to have been preventable had a safer sequential trigger tool been used. Citations and monetary penalties were related to injury severity, body part injured, disabling of safety devices, and insufficient personal protective equipment (PPE). <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Differences may exist between construction and other industries in investigators interpretations of PNG injury causation and resulting citations/penalties. Violations of PPE standards were penalized most severely, yet the preventive effect of PPE would likely have been less than that of a safer sequential trigger. Am. J. Ind. Med. Published 2015. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0271-3586",
doi="10.1002/ajim.22560",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajim.22560"
}