@article{ref1,
title="Annual Research Review: Neural contributions to risk-taking in adolescence - developmental changes and individual differences",
journal="Journal of child psychology and psychiatry",
year="2016",
author="Crone, Eveline A. and van Duijvenvoorde, Anna C. K. and Peper, Jiska S.",
volume="57",
number="3",
pages="353-368",
abstract="BACKGROUND: Risk-taking, which involves voluntary choices for behaviors where outcomes remain uncertain, undergoes considerable developmental changes during childhood, adolescence, and early adulthood. In addition, risk-taking is thought to be a key element of many externalizing disorders, such as ADHD, delinquency, conduct disorder, and substance abuse. In this review, we will discuss the potential adaptive and nonadaptive properties of risk-taking in childhood and adolescence. <br><br>FINDINGS: We propose that the changes in brain architecture and function are a crucial element underlying these developmental trajectories. We first identify how subcortical and cortical interactions are important for understanding risk-taking behavior in adults. Next, we show how developmental changes in this network underlie changes in risk-taking behavior. Finally, we explore how these differences can be important for understanding externalizing behavioral disorders in childhood and adolescence. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that longitudinal studies are of crucial importance for understanding these developmental trajectories, and many of these studies are currently underway.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0021-9630",
doi="10.1111/jcpp.12502",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12502"
}