@article{ref1,
title="Road user behaviors at pedestrian hybrid beacons",
journal="Transportation research record",
year="2016",
author="Fitzpatrick, Kay and Pratt, Michael P.",
volume="2586",
number="",
pages="9-16",
abstract="The pedestrian hybrid beacon (PHB) has shown great potential in improving safety and driver yielding; however, questions have been asked about actual driver and pedestrian behavior. A data set reflecting more than 78 h of video data recorded at 20 locations included 1,979 pedestrians crossing during 1,149 PHB actuations. For the 20 sites, driver yielding to pedestrians averaged 96%. For the majority of the pedestrians who left during the dark indication (124 of 1,979, which was 6%), the roadway volume was such that the pedestrian was able to find sufficient gaps (fewer than four vehicles/min/lane for the majority of these crossings). Overall, 91% of the pedestrians pushed the pushbutton. A greater number of pedestrians activated the device on a road with a posted speed limit of 45 mph compared with roads with a posted speed limit of 40 mph or less. When the equivalent hourly volume was 1,500 vehicles/h or more, the percentage of pedestrians activating the PHB was always 92% or more. The conflict rate was found to be higher for noncompliant pedestrians than for compliant pedestrians. More conflicts occurred at locations with nearby bus stops or driveways.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0361-1981",
doi="10.3141/2586-02",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2586-02"
}