@article{ref1,
title="Reusable high-molecular-weight, high-density polyethylene crash cushions for wide hazards",
journal="Transportation research record",
year="1999",
author="Carney, John and Alberson, Dean and Bullard, Jr., D. and Chatterjee, Subhasish and Menges, Wanda",
volume="1690",
number="",
pages="1-7",
abstract="The development and full-scale crash testing of a new, reusable, and essentially maintenance-free crash cushion designed to shield wide hazards are described. The energy-dissipating medium in this device is composed of high-molecular-weight, high-density polyethylene cylinders. This &quot;smart&quot; energy-dissipating thermoplastic is the same material used in the REACT family of narrow-hazard crash cushions and truck-mounted attenuators. It is self-restorative and reusable and possesses excellent energy-dissipation properties. The design process incorporated the results of impact testing with individual polyethylene cylinders, finite-element modeling, and a comprehensive full-scale crash testing program conducted in accordance with the guidelines of NCHRP Report 350. It is demonstrated that finite-element modeling is a cost-effective tool whose use can minimize the number of costly full-scale crash tests required to develop an effective impact attenuation device. This new, reusable, wide-hazard crash cushion satisfies all of the requirements of NCHRP Report 350 and has been accepted by FHWA for use in the National Highway System.<p />",
language="en",
issn="0361-1981",
doi="10.3141/1690-01",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1690-01"
}