@article{ref1,
title="Spatial relationships between alcohol-related road crashes and retail alcohol availability",
journal="Drug and alcohol dependence",
year="2016",
author="Morrison, Christopher and Ponicki, William R. and Gruenewald, Paul J. and Wiebe, Douglas J. and Smith, Karen",
volume="162",
number="",
pages="241-244",
abstract="BACKGROUND: This study examines spatial relationships between alcohol outlet density and the incidence of alcohol-related crashes. The few prior studies conducted in this area used relatively large spatial units; here we use highly resolved units from Melbourne, Australia (Statistical Area level 1 [SA1] units: mean land area=0.5 km(2); SD=2.2km(2)), in order to assess different micro-scale spatial relationships for on- and off-premise outlets. <br><br>METHODS: Bayesian conditional autoregressive Poisson models were used to assess cross-sectional relationships of three-year counts of alcohol-related crashes (2010-2012) attended by Ambulance Victoria paramedics to densities of bars, restaurants, and off-premise outlets controlling for other land use, demographic and roadway characteristics. <br><br>RESULTS: Alcohol-related crashes were not related to bar density within local SA1 units, but were positively related to bar density in adjacent SA1 units. Alcohol-related crashes were negatively related to off-premise outlet density in local SA1 units. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Examined in one metropolitan area using small spatial units, bar density is related to greater crash risk in surrounding areas. Observed negative relationships for off-premise outlets may be because the origins and destinations of alcohol-affected journeys are in distal locations relative to outlets.<br><br>Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0376-8716",
doi="10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.02.033",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.02.033"
}