@article{ref1,
title="Sobriety checkpoint and open container laws in U.S.: associations with reported drinking-driving",
journal="Traffic injury prevention",
year="2016",
author="Lenk, Kathleen M. and Nelson, Toben F. and Toomey, Traci L. and Jones-Webb, Rhonda and Erickson, Darin J.",
volume="17",
number="8",
pages="782-787",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: To assess how two types of drinking-driving laws-permitting sobriety checkpoints and prohibiting open containers of alcohol in motor vehicles-are associated with drinking-driving, and how enforcement efforts may affect these associations. <br><br>METHODS: We obtained 2010 data on state-level drinking-driving laws and individual-level self-reported drinking-driving from archival sources (Alcohol Policy Information System, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, and Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System). We measured enforcement of the laws via a 2009 survey of state patrol agencies. We computed multi-level regression models (separate models for each type of law) that first examined how having the state law predicted drinking-driving, controlling for various state- and individual-level covariates; we then added the corresponding enforcement measure as another potential predictor. <br><br>RESULTS: We found that states with a sobriety checkpoint law, compared with those without a law, had 18.2% lower drinking-driving; states that conducted sobriety checks at least monthly (vs. not conducting checks) had 40.6% lower drinking-driving (the state law variable was not significant when enforcement was added). We found no significant association between having an open container law and drinking-driving, but states that conducted open container enforcement, regardless of having a law, had 17.6% less drinking-driving. <br><br>CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that having a sobriety checkpoint law and conducting checkpoints as well as enforcement of open containers laws, may be effective strategies for addressing drinking-driving.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1538-9588",
doi="10.1080/15389588.2016.1161759",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15389588.2016.1161759"
}