@article{ref1,
title="Association of reduced eGFR and albuminuria with serious fall injuries among older adults",
journal="Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology",
year="2016",
author="Bowling, C. Barrett and Bromfield, Samantha G. and Colantonio, Lisandro D. and Gutiérrez, Orlando M. and Shimbo, Daichi and Reynolds, Kristi and Wright, Nicole C. and Curtis, Jeffrey R. and Judd, Suzanne E. and Franch, Harold and Warnock, David G. and McClellan, William and Muntner, Paul",
volume="11",
number="7",
pages="1236-1243",
abstract="BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Falls are common and associated with adverse outcomes in patients on dialysis. Limited data are available in earlier stages of CKD. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS: We analyzed data from 8744 Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke Study participants ≥65 years old with Medicare fee for service coverage. Serious fall injuries were defined as a fall-related fracture, brain injury, or joint dislocation using Medicare claims. Hazard ratios (HRs) for serious fall injuries were calculated by eGFR and albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR). Among 2590 participants with CKD (eGFR<60 ml/min per 1.73 m(2) or ACR≥30 mg/g), cumulative mortality after a serious fall injury compared with age-matched controls without a fall injury was calculated. <br><br>RESULTS: Overall, 1103 (12.6%) participants had a serious fall injury over 9.9 years of follow-up. The incidence rates per 1000 person-years of serious fall injuries were 21.7 (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 20.3 to 23.2), 26.6 (95% CI, 22.6 to 31.3), and 38.3 (95% CI, 31.2 to 47.0) at eGFR levels ≥60, 45-59, and <45 ml/min per 1.73 m(2), respectively, and 21.3 (95% CI, 20.0 to 22.8), 31.7 (95% CI, 27.5 to 36.5), and 42.2 (95% CI, 31.3 to 56.9) at ACR levels <30, 30-299, and ≥300 mg/g, respectively. Multivariable adjusted HRs for serious fall injuries were 0.91 (95% CI, 0.76 to 1.09) and 1.09 (95% CI, 0.86 to 1.37) for eGFR=45-59 and <45 ml/min per 1.73 m(2), respectively, versus eGFR≥60 ml/min per 1.73 m(2) and 1.31 (95% CI, 1.11 to 1.54) and 1.81 (95% CI, 1.30 to 2.50) for ACR=30-299 and ≥300 mg/g, respectively, versus ACR<30 mg/g. Among participants with CKD, cumulative 1-year mortality rates among patients with a serious fall and age-matched controls were 21.0% and 5.5%, respectively. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Elevated ACR but not lower eGFR was associated with serious fall injuries. Evaluation for fall risk factors and fall prevention strategies should be considered for older adults with elevated ACR.<br><br>Copyright © 2016 by the American Society of Nephrology.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1555-9041",
doi="10.2215/CJN.11111015",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.2215/CJN.11111015"
}