@article{ref1,
title="A pilot randomized clinical trial of an intervention to reduce overdose risk behaviors among emergency department patients at risk for prescription opioid overdose",
journal="Drug and alcohol dependence",
year="2016",
author="Bohnert, Amy S. B. and Bonar, Erin E. and Cunningham, Rebecca and Greenwald, Mark K. and Thomas, Laura and Chermack, Stephen and Blow, Frederic C. and Walton, Maureen A. L.",
volume="163",
number="",
pages="40-47",
abstract="BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Prescription opioid overdose is a significant public health problem. Interventions to prevent overdose risk behaviors among high-risk patients are lacking. This study examined the impact of a motivational intervention to reduce opioid misuse and overdose risk behaviors. <br><br>METHODS: This study was a pilot randomized controlled trial set in a single emergency department (ED) in which, 204 adult, English-speaking patients seeking care who reported prescription opioid misuse during the prior 3 months were recruited. Patients were randomized to either the intervention, a 30-minute motivational interviewing-based session delivered by a therapist plus educational enhanced usual care (EUC), or EUC alone. Participants completed self-reported surveys at baseline and 6 months post-baseline (87% retention rate) to measure the primary outcomes of overdose risk behaviors and the secondary outcome of non-medical opioid use. <br><br>FINDINGS: Participants in the intervention condition reported significantly lower levels of overdose risk behaviors (incidence rate ratio [IRR]=0.72, 95% CI: 0.59-0.87; 40.5% reduction in mean vs. 14.7%) and lower levels of non-medical opioid use (IRR=0.81, 95% CI: 0.70-0.92; 50.0% reduction in mean vs. 39.5%) at follow-up compared to the EUC condition. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: This study represents the first clinical trial of a behavioral intervention to reduce overdose risk. <br><br>RESULTS indicate that this single motivational enhancement session reduced prescription opioid overdose risk behaviors, including opioid misuse, among adult patients in the ED.<br><br>Copyright © 2016. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0376-8716",
doi="10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.03.018",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.03.018"
}