@article{ref1,
title="Nut consumption is associated with depressive symptoms among Chinese adults",
journal="Depression and anxiety",
year="2016",
author="Su, Qian and Yu, Bin and He, Haiyan and Zhang, Qing and Meng, Ge and Wu, Hongmei and Du, Huanmin and Liu, Lei and Shi, Hongbin and Xia, Yang and Guo, Xiaoyan and Liu, Xing and Li, Chunlei and Bao, Xue and Gu, Yeqing and Fang, Liyun and Yu, Fei and Yang, Huijun and Sun, Shaomei and Wang, Xing and Zhou, Ming and Jia, Qiyu and Zhao, Honglin and Song, Kun and Niu, Kaijun",
volume="33",
number="11",
pages="1065-1072",
abstract="BACKGROUND: Affective disorders, especially depressive symptoms, bring such a burden to mortality and morbidity that they are associated with physical and psychological health and quality of life. Nuts, a foodstuff rich in multiple micronutrients, macronutrients, and other useful components, were considered to be a protector against depressive symptoms. Here, we conducted an analysis to examine the relationship between nut consumption and depressive symptoms. <br><br>METHODS: The study performed a cross-sectional study to examine whether nut consumption is related to depressive symptoms among 13,626 inhabitants in Tianjin. Nut consumption was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire and depressive symptoms was assessed using the Chinese version of 20-item Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) with four cutoffs (40, 45, 48, and 50) to indicate elevated depressive symptoms. <br><br>RESULTS: The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 38.7, 19.1, 11.4, and 7.3% for SDS ≥40, 45, 48, and 50, respectively. After adjustments for potential confounding factors, the odds ratios (95% confidence interval) of having elevated depressive symptoms with SDS ≥40 by increasing frequency of nut consumption were 1.00 for <once per week (reference), 0.82 (0.75, 0.90) for 1-3 times per week, and 0.82 (0.73, 0.92) for ≥4 times per week. Similar relations were observed with the use of other cutoffs as a definition of depressive symptoms. <br><br>CONCLUSION: The present study is the first to find that nut consumption is independently associated with depressive symptoms. It is suggested that nut consumption may be beneficial to the prevention of depressive symptoms.<br><br>© 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1091-4269",
doi="10.1002/da.22516",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/da.22516"
}