@article{ref1,
title="Inexpensive, infrastructure-based, intersection collision-avoidance system to prevent left-turn crashes with opposite-direction traffic",
journal="Transportation research record",
year="2002",
author="White, Bryon and Eccles, Kimberly",
volume="1800",
number="",
pages="92-99",
abstract="An infrastructure-based intersection collision-avoidance system (ICAS) designed to provide guidance for left-turning vehicles that have secondary right-of-way and are attempting a turn across the path of opposite-direction traffic is proposed. These types of crashes are most prevalent where a left turn is made from a major road approach. A dominant causal factor in this type of crash is the inability of the left-turning motorist to adequately perceive the required gap for a safe left turn. The proposed WAS compares the presumed arrival time of the opposite-direction vehicle with the presumed time for a motorist to turn left. Based on this comparison, the system provides guidance to the left-turning motorist in the form of a dynamic sign placed in the same line of sight of opposite-direction traffic, so that motorists will have a &quot;second opinion&quot; to aid in their left-turn decisions. The system is,composed of four modules: (a) a left-turn assistance device, (b) left-turn presence detection, (c) opposite-direction detection, and (d) a system processor. The system differentiates between left-turning passenger cars and left-turning heavy vehicles and tailors its guidance appropriately. A non-hardware-specific example of the proposed system at a hypothetical intersection was assessed, along with functional requirements and system limitations.   <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0361-1981",
doi="10.3141/1800-12",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1800-12"
}