@article{ref1,
title="Safety evaluation model of urban cross-river tunnel based on driving simulation",
journal="International journal of injury control and safety promotion",
year="2017",
author="Ma, Yingqi and Lu, Linjun and Lu, Jian John",
volume="24",
number="3",
pages="293-302",
abstract="Currently, Shanghai urban cross-river tunnels have three principal characteristics: increased traffic, a high accident rate and rapidly developing construction. Because of their complex geographic and hydrological characteristics, the alignment conditions in urban cross-river tunnels are more complicated than in highway tunnels, so a safety evaluation of urban cross-river tunnels is necessary to suggest follow-up construction and changes in operational management. A driving risk index (DRI) for urban cross-river tunnels was proposed in this study. An index system was also constructed, combining eight factors derived from the output of a driving simulator regarding three aspects of risk due to following, lateral accidents and driver workload. Analytic hierarchy process methods and expert marking and normalization processing were applied to construct a mathematical model for the DRI. The driving simulator was used to simulate 12 Shanghai urban cross-river tunnels and a relationship was obtained between the DRI for the tunnels and the corresponding accident rate (AR) via a regression analysis. The regression analysis results showed that the relationship between the DRI and the AR mapped to an exponential function with a high degree of fit. In the absence of detailed accident data, a safety evaluation model based on factors derived from a driving simulation can effectively assess the driving risk in urban cross-river tunnels constructed or in design.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1745-7300",
doi="10.1080/17457300.2016.1170044",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17457300.2016.1170044"
}