@article{ref1,
title="Co-morbidities, complications and causes of death among people with femoral neck fracture - a three-year follow-up study",
journal="BMC geriatrics",
year="2016",
author="Berggren, Monica and Stenvall, Michael and Englund, Undis and Olofsson, Birgitta and Gustafson, Yngve",
volume="16",
number="1",
pages="e120-e120",
abstract="BACKGROUND: The poor outcome after a hip fracture is not fully understood. The aim of the study was to describe the prevalence of co-morbidities, complications and causes of death and to investigate factors that are able to predict mortality in old people with femoral neck fracture. <br><br>METHODS: Data was obtained from a randomized, controlled trial with a 3-year follow-up at Umeå University Hospital, Sweden, which included 199 consecutive patients with femoral neck fracture, aged ≥70 years. The participants were assessed during hospitalization and in their homes 4, 12 and 36 months after surgery. Medical records and death certificates were analysed. <br><br>RESULTS: Multivariate analysis revealed that cancer, dependence in P-ADL (Personal Activities of Daily Living), cardiovascular disease, dementia at baseline or pulmonary emboli or cardiac failure during hospitalization were all independent predictors of 3-year mortality. Seventy-nine out of 199 participants (40 %) died within 3 years. Cardiovascular events (24 %), dementia (23 %), hip-fracture (19 %) and cancer (13 %) were the most common primary causes of death. In total, 136 participants suffered at least one urinary tract infection; 114 suffered 542 falls and 37 sustained 56 new fractures, including 13 hip fractures, during follow-up. <br><br>CONCLUSION: Old people with femoral neck fracture have multiple co-morbidities and suffer numerous complications. Thus randomized intervention studies should focus on prevention of complications that might be avoidable such as infections, heart diseases, falls and fractures.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1471-2318",
doi="10.1186/s12877-016-0291-5",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12877-016-0291-5"
}