@article{ref1,
title="Narrative strategies among early adolescents involved in bully-victim relationships",
journal="Journal of school violence",
year="2005",
author="Smorti, Andrea and Ortega-Rivera, J and Ortega-Ruiz, R and Pagnucci, Simona",
volume="4",
number="1",
pages="5-27",
abstract="The present study was aimed at investigating the narrative strategies bullies and victims use to interpret social incongruence and the extent to which these strategies vary across the two European countries of Italy and Spain. A peer nomination questionnaire on bullying was used to select 12-14-year-old children from both countries. The children were asked to read six stories dealing with themes of social interaction between two peers; each story described an episode in which the protagonist performed an act that violated his or her normal behaviour towards the peer. Three stories ended in negative violating acts (regressive stories) and the other three stories ended in positive acts (progressive stories). Participants were then asked to imagine what had happened prior to the act and to write a story about it. Narrative strategies were analysed in terms of three variables: locus of antecedent, mental verbs, and social intention. Results revealed that both the Italian and Spanish samples used more internal strategies to interpret progressive stories and more external strategies for regressive stories. Moreover, cross-national differences were particularly evident in bullies: Italian bullies used fewer internal and internal cognitive strategies than control children did, while in Spain, bullies used more internal and internal cognitive hostile strategies than victims did.   <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1538-8220",
doi="10.1300/J202v04n01_02",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/J202v04n01_02"
}