@article{ref1,
title="Interpreting change on the neurobehavioral symptom inventory and the PTSD checklist in military personnel",
journal="Clinical neuropsychologist, The",
year="2016",
author="Belanger, Heather G. and Lange, Rael T. and Bailie, Jason and Iverson, Grant L. and Arrieux, Jacques P. and Ivins, Brian J. and Cole, Wesley R.",
volume="30",
number="7",
pages="1063-1073",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence and stability of symptom reporting in a healthy military sample and to develop reliable change indices for two commonly used self-report measures in the military health care system. PARTICIPANTS AND METHOD: Participants were 215 U.S. active duty service members recruited from Fort Bragg, NC as normal controls as part of a larger study. Participants completed the Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory (NSI) and Posttraumatic Checklist (PCL) twice, separated by approximately 30 days. <br><br>RESULTS: Depending on the endorsement level used (i.e. ratings of 'mild' or greater vs. ratings of 'moderate' or greater), approximately 2-15% of this sample met DSM-IV symptom criteria for Postconcussional Disorder across time points, while 1-6% met DSM-IV symptom criteria for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. Effect sizes for change from Time 1 to Time 2 on individual symptoms were small (Cohen's d = .01 to.13). The test-retest reliability for the NSI total score was r = .78 and the PCL score was r = .70. An eight-point change in symptom reporting represented reliable change on the NSI total score, with a seven-point change needed on the PCL. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Postconcussion-like symptoms are not unique to mild TBI and are commonly reported in a healthy soldier sample. It is important for clinicians to use normative data when evaluating a service member or veteran and when evaluating the likelihood that a change in symptom reporting is reliable and clinically meaningful.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1385-4046",
doi="10.1080/13854046.2016.1193632",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13854046.2016.1193632"
}