@article{ref1,
title="Pesticide-related poison center exposures in children and adolescents aged ≤19 years in Texas, 2000-2013",
journal="Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.)",
year="2016",
author="Trueblood, Amber B. and Forrester, Mathias B. and Han, Daikwon and Shipp, Eva M. and Cizmas, Leslie H.",
volume="54",
number="9",
pages="852-856",
abstract="CONTEXT: Although national poison center data show that pesticides were the 8th most commonly reported substance category (3.27%) for children aged ≤5 years in 2014, there is limited information on childhood and adolescent pesticide exposures. <br><br>OBJECTIVE: This study assessed pesticide-related poison center exposures in children and adolescents aged ≤19 years from 2000-2013 in Texas to characterize the potential burden of pesticides. <br><br>MATERIALS AND METHODS: Pesticide-related poison center exposures among children and adolescents aged ≤19 years reported to Texas poison centers were identified. The distribution of exposures was estimated by gender, age category, medical outcome, management site, exposure route, and pesticide category. <br><br>RESULTS: From 2000 to 2013, there were 61,147 pesticide-related poison center exposures in children and adolescents aged ≤19 years. The prevalence was highest among males at 864.24 per 100,000 population. The prevalence of unintentional exposures was highest among children aged ≤5 years at 2310.69 per 100,000 population, whereas the prevalence of intentional exposures was highest among adolescents aged 13-19 years at 13.82 per 100,000 population. A majority of medical outcomes reported were classified as having no effect (30.24%) and not followed, but minimal clinical effects possible (42.74%). Of all the exposures, 81.24% were managed on site. However, 57% of intentional exposures were referred to or treated at a health-care facility. The most common routes of exposure were ingestion (80.83%) and dermal (17.21%). The most common pesticide categories included rodenticides (30.02%), pyrethrins/pyrethroids (20.69%), and other and unspecified insecticides (18.14%). <br><br>DISCUSSION: The study found differences in the frequency of exposures by intent for sex and age categories, and identified the most common medical outcomes, management site, exposure route, and pesticide category. <br><br>CONCLUSION: Through characterizing pesticide-related poison center exposures, future interventions can be designed to address groups with higher prevalence of exposure.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1556-3650",
doi="10.1080/15563650.2016.1201676",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15563650.2016.1201676"
}