@article{ref1,
title="Recidivism patterns among two types of juvenile homicide offenders: a 30-year follow-up study",
journal="International journal of offender therapy and comparative criminology",
year="2016",
author="Khachatryan, Norair and Heide, Kathleen M. and Hummel, Erich V.",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="Although juvenile homicide has been a matter of concern in the United States since the 1980s, prior research has not addressed long-term recidivism patterns for convicted juvenile murderers. Furthermore, a prominent juvenile homicide typology had not previously been tested with U.S. offenders. The present study examined whether juvenile offenders who killed or attempted to kill during the commission of a crime differed from those who killed due to some type of conflict on pre-incarceration, incarceration, and post-incarceration variables. These offenders were sentenced to adult prison in the early 1980s. Follow-up data spanned 30 years. The results indicated that approximately 88% of released offenders have been rearrested. Analyses of pre-incarceration variables revealed that crime-oriented offenders were significantly more likely to commit the homicide offense using accomplices than conflict-oriented offenders, and the latter were significantly more likely to use a firearm during the homicide incident. The circumstances of the homicide, however, were not significantly related to any other pre-incarceration variables, release from prison, number of post-release arrests, and number of post-release violent offenses. The implications of the findings, their comparability to previous follow-up research on this typology, and avenues for future research are discussed.<br><br>© The Author(s) 2016.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0306-624X",
doi="10.1177/0306624X16657052",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306624X16657052"
}