@article{ref1,
title="Relationship between concussion history and concussion knowledge, attitudes, and disclosure behavior in high school athletes",
journal="Clinical journal of sport medicine",
year="2016",
author="Register-Mihalik, Johna K. and Valovich McLeod, Tamara C. and Linnan, Laura A. and Guskiewicz, Kevin M. and Marshall, Stephen W.",
volume="27",
number="3",
pages="321-324",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: Examine the association between self-reported concussion history and measures of concussion knowledge, attitude, and disclosure behavior. <br><br>DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey. SETTING: Classroom. PARTICIPANTS: A convenience sample of high school athletes (n = 167; mean age = 15.7 years) from multiple sports completed a validated survey. INDEPENDENT VARIABLES: Concussion history (main predictor) was defined as the number of self-recalled concussions during participants' high school career. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The outcomes were recalled concussion disclosure behavior (3 measures) and scales assessing both concussion knowledge and concussion attitude. <br><br>RESULTS: A greater number of previous concussions was associated with worse attitude to concussion and negative concussion disclosure behavior. For every 3 additional self-recalled concussions, there was a mean decrease of 7.2 points (range of possible scores = 14-98) in concussion attitude score (P = 0.002), a 48% decrease in the self-reported proportion of concussion events disclosed (P = 0.013), and an increased prevalence of self-reported participation in games (67%) and practices (125%) while experiencing signs and symptoms of concussion (P < 0.001). Increased concussion history did not affect concussion knowledge score (P = 0.333). <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Negative trends in concussion disclosure behavior were identified in youth athletes with a positive history of concussion. Improving disclosure in this subgroup will require targeted efforts addressing negative attitude to concussion.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1050-642X",
doi="10.1097/JSM.0000000000000349",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/JSM.0000000000000349"
}