@article{ref1,
title="Pain catastrophizing correlates with early mild traumatic brain injury outcome",
journal="Pain research and management",
year="2016",
author="Chaput, Geneviève and Lajoie, Susanne P. and Naismith, Laura M. and Lavigne, Gilles",
volume="2016",
number="",
pages="e2825856-e2825856",
abstract="Background. Identifying which patients are most likely to be at risk of chronic pain and other postconcussion symptoms following mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) is a difficult clinical challenge. <br><br>OBJECTIVEs. To examine the relationship between pain catastrophizing, defined as the exaggerated negative appraisal of a pain experience, and early MTBI outcome. <br><br>METHODS. This cross-sectional design included 58 patients diagnosed with a MTBI. In addition to medical chart review, postconcussion symptoms were assessed by self-report at 1 month (Time 1) and 8 weeks (Time 2) after MTBI. Pain severity, psychological distress, level of functionality, and pain catastrophizing were measured by self-report at Time 2. <br><br>RESULTS. The pain catastrophizing subscales of rumination, magnification, and helplessness were significantly correlated with pain severity (r =.31 to.44), number of postconcussion symptoms reported (r =.35 to.45), psychological distress (r =.57 to.67), and level of functionality (r = -.43 to -.29). Pain catastrophizing scores were significantly higher for patients deemed to be at high risk of postconcussion syndrome (6 or more symptoms reported at both Time 1 and Time 2). <br><br>CONCLUSIONS. Higher levels of pain catastrophizing were related to adverse early MTBI outcomes. The early detection of pain catastrophizing may facilitate goal-oriented interventions to prevent or minimize the development of chronic pain and other postconcussion symptoms.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1203-6765",
doi="10.1155/2016/2825856",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2825856"
}