@article{ref1,
title="Childhood hyperactivity and mood problems at mid-life: evidence from a prospective birth cohort",
journal="Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology",
year="2016",
author="Stuart-Smith, Jenny and Thapar, Anita and Maughan, Barbara and Thapar, Ajay and Collishaw, Stephan",
volume="52",
number="1",
pages="87-94",
abstract="PURPOSE: Childhood hyperactivity leads to mental health problems, but it is not known whether there are long-term risks for adult mood problems in unselected population cohorts that extend to mid-life. Aims were to examine links between childhood hyperactivity and mood problems up to age 50 years and to consider confounding factors and gender differences in associations. <br><br>METHODS: The National Child Development Study (NCDS) is a UK cohort of children born in 1958. Children with (N = 453) and without (N = 9192) pervasive and persistent hyperactivity were followed to age 50. Adult mood was assessed using the Malaise Inventory at ages 23, 33, 42, and 50 years and the CIS-R interview at 45 years. <br><br>RESULTS: Childhood hyperactivity predicted low mood at all adult assessments (ES = 0.27-0.45), including after covariate adjustment (childhood adversity, emotional and behavioural problems, and attainment). <br><br>CONCLUSION: Hyperactivity has enduring risk effects on low mood throughout the life course that extend to middle age.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0933-7954",
doi="10.1007/s00127-016-1285-5",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00127-016-1285-5"
}