@article{ref1,
title="In which neighborhoods are older adult populations expanding? Sociodemographic and built environment characteristics across neighborhood trajectory classes of older adult populations in four U.S. cities over 30 Years",
journal="Gerontology and geriatric medicine",
year="2016",
author="Rummo, Pasquale E. and Hirsch, Jana A. and Howard, Annie Green and Gordon-Larsen, Penny",
volume="2",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="OBJECTIVES: We sought to examine characteristics of neighborhoods with changing older adult populations. <br><br>METHODS: We used 30 years (1980-2011) of data from four U.S. cities (n=392 neighborhoods; Birmingham, AL; Chicago, IL; Minneapolis, MN; Oakland, CA) and finite mixture modeling to identify trajectory classes: neighborhoods with &quot;stable&quot;, declining, or increasing older adult populations (≥65 years). We then compared mean baseline and change in their characteristics. <br><br>RESULTS: Neighborhoods with increasing (vs. &quot;stable&quot;) percentage of older adult populations had lower initial poverty and greater increases in education and income, with lower increases in road connectivity, population density, and housing prices/debt over time. The same was true for neighborhoods with declining older adult populations, with the exception of having higher increases in housing prices/debt. We observed few significant differences in neighborhood amenities or parks across classes. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Our results emphasize the need to consider built and social environments when planning communities for older adults.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="2333-7214",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}