@article{ref1,
title="Imposed faster and slower walking speeds influence gait stability differently in Parkinson fallers",
journal="Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation",
year="2016",
author="Cole, Michael H. and Sweeney, Matthew and Conway, Zachary J. and Blackmore, Tim and Silburn, Peter A.",
volume="98",
number="4",
pages="639-648",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: This cross-sectional study sought to evaluate the effect of imposed faster and slower walking speeds on postural stability in people with Parkinson's disease (PD). <br><br>DESIGN: Cross-sectional cohort study; SETTING: General community PARTICIPANTS: 84 PD patients (51 with a falls history; 33 without) and 82 age-matched controls were invited to participate via neurology clinics and pre-existing databases. Of those contacted, 99 did not respond (PD=36; controls=63) and 27 were not interested (PD=18; controls=9). Following screening, a further 10 patients were excluded; 5 had deep brain stimulation surgery and 5 could not accommodate to the treadmill. The remaining 30 patients completed all assessments and were sub-divided in PD fallers (n=10), PD Non-Fallers (n=10) and age-matched controls (n=10) based on falls history. PROTOCOL: Symptom severity, balance confidence and medical history were established prior to participants walking on a treadmill at 70%, 100% and 130% of their preferred speed. MAIN OUTCOMES: Three-dimensional accelerometers assessed head and trunk accelerations and allowed calculation of harmonic ratios (HRs) and root mean square (RMS) accelerations to assess segment control and movement amplitude. <br><br>RESULTS: Head and trunk control was lower for PD Fallers than PD Non-Fallers and Older Adults. Significant interactions indicated head and trunk control increased with speed for PD Non-Fallers and Older Adults, but did not improve at faster speeds for PD Fallers. Vertical head and trunk accelerations increased with walking speed for PD Non-Fallers and Older Adults, while the PD Fallers demonstrated greater anteroposterior RMS accelerations compared with both other groups. <br><br>CONCLUSION: The results suggest that improved gait dynamics do not necessarily represent improved walking stability and this must be respected when rehabilitating gait in PD patients.<br><br>Copyright © 2016. Published by Elsevier Inc.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0003-9993",
doi="10.1016/j.apmr.2016.11.008",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2016.11.008"
}