@article{ref1,
title="The relationship between traumatic brain injury and criminality in juvenile offenders",
journal="Journal of head trauma rehabilitation",
year="2017",
author="Gordon, Wayne A. and Spielman, Lisa A. and Hahn-Ketter, Amanda E. and Sy, Karla Therese L.",
volume="32",
number="6",
pages="393-403",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship between traumatic brain injury (TBI) and criminal behavior in youth who are incarcerated or on probation in Texas. SETTING: Seven juvenile justice facilities. PARTICIPANTS: Juvenile offenders in state or county correctional facilities or on probation. <br><br>DESIGN: Screening for TBI was conducted among adolescents at 7 juvenile justice centers. MAIN MEASURES: Participants were administered the Brain Injury Screening Questionnaire, and results were linked to participants' offense history and psychiatric diagnoses. <br><br>RESULTS: One in 4 juvenile offenders met criteria for TBI, and the majority of injuries occurred prior to the adolescents' criminal offenses. A history of TBI was related to more violent crimes, as well as more mental health diagnoses and symptoms. <br><br>CONCLUSION: The high rates of TBI and levels of distress found in juvenile offenders suggest a need for preventive actions, interventions to compensate for challenges related to TBI, and programs to assist individuals' transitions into the community.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0885-9701",
doi="10.1097/HTR.0000000000000274",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/HTR.0000000000000274"
}