@article{ref1,
title="Pow! Boom! Kablam! Effects of viewing superhero programs on aggressive, prosocial, and defending behaviors in preschool children",
journal="Journal of abnormal child psychology",
year="2017",
author="Coyne, Sarah M. and Stockdale, Laura and Linder, Jennifer Ruh and Nelson, David A. and Collier, Kevin M. and Essig, Lee W.",
volume="45",
number="8",
pages="1523-1535",
abstract="Many schools and parents try to motivate children to become defenders of victimized peers. Defending behavior is common in the media (particularly in superhero programs); however, no study has examined the effect of media on defending behavior. The aim of the study was to examine longitudinal associations between superhero engagement and a variety of aggressive, prosocial, and defending behaviors in preschool children. Participants consisted of 240 preschoolers (49% male) and their parents who reported on child media use and outcomes at 2 different time points. Preschooler's engagement with superheroes was related to increased physical and relational aggression 1 year later. Engagement with superheroes was not related to prosocial or defending behaviors. Implications of the results are discussed.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0091-0627",
doi="10.1007/s10802-016-0253-6",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10802-016-0253-6"
}