@article{ref1,
title="Influence of signal countdown timer on efficiency and safety at signalized intersections",
journal="Canadian journal of civil engineering",
year="2017",
author="Biswas, Sabyasachi and Ghosh, Indrajit and Chandra, Satish",
volume="44",
number="4",
pages="308-318",
abstract="Signal countdown timers (SCTs) are expected to help drivers with better decision-making processes. Because of the inconsistent outcomes from previous studies associated with them, the present study evaluates the influence of SCTs on intersection efficiency and safety by conducting &quot;before and after&quot; study at three signalized intersections located in New Delhi. A methodology is proposed to estimate the start-up lost time at signalized intersections under highly heterogeneous condition. Green signal countdown timer found to have no influence on saturation flow, though its red component helped reduce the start-up lost time significantly. These two components also affect the red light violations at the intersection locations - by increasing violations during the last 10 s red and decreasing them during the initial 10 s of red. Timer-off scenario enlarged total ranges of both Type I and II dilemma zones at the onset of yellow and brought Type II dilemma zone earlier.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0315-1468",
doi="10.1139/cjce-2016-0267",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2016-0267"
}