@article{ref1,
title="Violent offenders respond to provocations with high amygdala and striatal reactivity",
journal="Social cognitive and affective neuroscience",
year="2017",
author="da Cunha-Bang, Sofi and MacDonald Fisher, Patrick and Vadskjær Hjordt, Liv and Perfalk, Erik and Persson Skibsted, Anine and Bock, Camilla and Ohlhues Baandrup, Anders and Deen Christensen, Marie and Thomsen, Carsten and Sestoft, Dorte and Knudsen, Gitte M.",
volume="12",
number="5",
pages="802-810",
abstract="The ability to successfully suppress impulses and angry affect is fundamental to control aggressive reactions following provocations. The aim of this study was to examine neural responses to provocations and aggression using a laboratory model of reactive aggression. We used a novel functional magnetic resonance imaging point-subtraction aggression paradigm in 44 men, of whom 18 were incarcerated violent offenders and 26 were control non-offenders. We measured brain activation following provocations (monetary subtractions), while the subjects had the possibility to behave aggressively or pursue monetary rewards. The violent offenders behaved more aggressively than controls (aggression frequency 150 vs. 84, p = 0.03) and showed significantly higher brain reactivity to provocations within the amygdala and striatum, as well as reduced amygdala-prefrontal and striato-prefrontal connectivity. Amygdala reactivity to provocations was positively correlated with task-related behavior in the violent offenders. Across groups, striatal and prefrontal reactivity to provocations were positively associated with trait anger and trait aggression. These results suggest that violent individuals display abnormally high neural sensitivity to social provocations, a sensitivity related to aggressive behavior. These findings provide novel insight into the neural pathways that are sensitive to provocations, which is critical to more effectively shape interventions that aim to reduce pathological aggressive behavior.<br><br>© The Author (2017). Published by Oxford University Press.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1749-5016",
doi="10.1093/scan/nsx006",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/scan/nsx006"
}