@article{ref1,
title="Genetic effects influencing risk for major depressive disorder in China and Europe",
journal="Translational psychiatry",
year="2017",
author="Bigdeli, T. B. and Ripke, S. and Peterson, R. E. and Trzaskowski, M. and Bacanu, S-a and Abdellaoui, A. and Andlauer, T. F. M. and Beekman, A. T. F. and Berger, K. and Blackwood, D. H. R. and Boomsma, Dorret I. and Breen, G. and Buttenschøn, H. N. and Byrne, E. M. and Cichon, S. and Clarke, Toni-Kim and Couvy-Duchesne, B. and Craddock, N. and de Geus, E. J. C. and Degenhardt, F. and Dunn, E. C. and Edwards, A. C. and Fanous, A. H. and Forstner, A. J. and Frank, J. and Gill, M. and Gordon, S. D. and Grabe, H. J. and Hamilton, S. P. and Hardiman, O. and Hayward, C. and Heath, A. C. and Henders, A. K. and Herms, S. and Hickie, I. B. and Hoffmann, P. and Homuth, G. and Hottenga, J-j and Ising, M. and Jansen, R. and Kloiber, S. and Knowles, J. A. and Lang, M. and Li, Q. S. and Lucae, S. and MacIntyre, D. J. and Madden, P. A. F. and Martin, N. G. and McGrath, P. J. and McGuffin, P. and McIntosh, A. M. and Medland, S. E. and Mehta, D. and Middeldorp, C. M. and Milaneschi, Y. and Montgomery, G. W. and Mors, O. and Müller-Myhsok, B. and Nauck, M. and Nyholt, D. R. and Nöthen, M. M. and Owen, M. J. and Penninx, B. W. J. H. and Pergadia, M. L. and Perlis, R. H. and Peyrot, W. J. and Porteous, D. J. and Potash, J. B. and Rice, J. P. and Rietschel, M. and Riley, B. P. and Rivera, M. and Schoevers, R. and Schulze, T. G. and Shi, J. and Shyn, S. I. and Smit, J. H. and Smoller, J. W. and Streit, F. and Strohmaier, J. and Teumer, A. and Treutlein, J. and Van der Auwera, S. and van Grootheest, G. and van Hemert, A. M. and Völzke, H. and Webb, B. T. and Weissman, M. M. and Wellmann, J. and Willemsen, G. and Witt, S. H. and Levinson, D. F. and Lewis, C. M. and Wray, N. R. and Flint, J. and Sullivan, P. F. and Kendler, K. S.",
volume="7",
number="3",
pages="e1074-e1074",
abstract="Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common, complex psychiatric disorder and a leading cause of disability worldwide. Despite twin studies indicating its modest heritability (~30-40%), extensive heterogeneity and a complex genetic architecture have complicated efforts to detect associated genetic risk variants. We combined single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) summary statistics from the CONVERGE and PGC studies of MDD, representing 10 502 Chinese (5282 cases and 5220 controls) and 18 663 European (9447 cases and 9215 controls) subjects. We determined the fraction of SNPs displaying consistent directions of effect, assessed the significance of polygenic risk scores and estimated the genetic correlation of MDD across ancestries. Subsequent trans-ancestry meta-analyses combined SNP-level evidence of association. Sign tests and polygenic score profiling weakly support an overlap of SNP effects between East Asian and European populations. We estimated the trans-ancestry genetic correlation of lifetime MDD as 0.33; female-only and recurrent MDD yielded estimates of 0.40 and 0.41, respectively. Common variants downstream of GPHN achieved genome-wide significance by Bayesian trans-ancestry meta-analysis (rs9323497; log10 Bayes Factor=8.08) but failed to replicate in an independent European sample (P=0.911). Gene-set enrichment analyses indicate enrichment of genes involved in neuronal development and axonal trafficking. We successfully demonstrate a partially shared polygenic basis of MDD in East Asian and European populations. Taken together, these findings support a complex etiology for MDD and possible population differences in predisposing genetic factors, with important implications for future genetic studies.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="2158-3188",
doi="10.1038/tp.2016.292",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/tp.2016.292"
}