@article{ref1,
title="Fatal abdominal injuries in a bicycle-pedestrian collision - reconstruction using multibody simulation",
journal="Forensic science, medicine, and pathology",
year="2017",
author="Muggenthaler, Holger and Drobnik, Stefanie and Hubig, Michael and Fiebig, Wolfgang and Mall, Gita",
volume="13",
number="2",
pages="230-233",
abstract="Fatal bicycle-pedestrian collisions do not occur frequently and thus are rarely reported in literature. Pedestrians in bicycle-pedestrian accidents often sustain severe craniocerebral injuries caused by a collision induced fall with head impact on the road surface. We describe a case where a pedestrian crossing a road was hit by a bicycle. Hematomas of the left lower leg and of the left flank/abdomen were found to be caused by the primary impact. However, the fatal injuries were found to be contralateral with a rupture of the right renal pedicle, a rupture of the right lobe of the liver and a tear of the vena cava. Neither the bicycle impact nor a fall onto the road surface could cause these injuries. Multibody simulation (PC Crash 9.2) revealed entanglement between the bicyclist and the pedestrian followed by a contact interaction between the pedestrian laying on the road surface and the falling bicyclist. In forensic case work post-crash contact interactions between the bicyclist and the pedestrian should be considered as a potential source of severe injuries.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1547-769X",
doi="10.1007/s12024-017-9866-5",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12024-017-9866-5"
}