@article{ref1,
title="How much alcohol is consumed outside of the lifetime risk guidelines in Australia?",
journal="Drug and alcohol review",
year="2018",
author="Callinan, Sarah and Livingston, Michael and Room, Robin G. W. and Dietze, Paul M.",
volume="37",
number="1",
pages="42-47",
abstract="INTRODUCTION AND AIMS: This study aims to estimate the prevalence of long-term risky drinking within the Australian population and the proportion of standard drinks that is consumed outside of the long-term risk (LTR) guidelines of two Australian standard drinks (ASD) per day. DESIGN AND METHODS: Recruited by phone, 2020 Australian adults with an oversampling of risky drinkers were asked detailed questions about how much alcohol they consumed at a range of locations in 2013. Descriptive statistical analyses of data weighted to be representative of the Australian adult population were undertaken, with a focus on the ASD consumed above the LTR guidelines. <br><br>RESULTS: Although 28% of respondents drink at levels above the LTR drinking guidelines, 56% of all ASD consumed are above the two per day recommended to reduce LTR. Three-quarters of cask wine and liqueurs were consumed outside of the LTR guidelines, as were 58% of all ASD consumed in the home, similar to the proportion of ASD consumed above the guidelines in pubs (55%). <br><br>DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: While the minority of Australians drink to LTR levels, the majority of alcohol is consumed by long-term risky drinkers. More research and policy focus on the patterns of alcohol consumption that lead to long-term risk, particularly outside of licensed premises, is required. [Callinan S, Livingston M, Room R, Dietze PM. How much alcohol is consumed outside of the lifetime risk guidelines in Australia?. Drug Alcohol Rev 2017;00:000-000].<br><br>© 2017 Australasian Professional Society on Alcohol and other Drugs.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0959-5236",
doi="10.1111/dar.12545",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/dar.12545"
}