@article{ref1,
title="Rapid-response impulsivity predicts depression and PTSD symptomatology at 1-year follow-up in blast-exposed service members",
journal="Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation",
year="2017",
author="Bjork, James M. and Burroughs, Thomas K. and Franke, Laura M. and Pickett, Treven C. and Johns, Sade E. and Moeller, F. Gerard and Walker, William C.",
volume="98",
number="8",
pages="1646-1651.e1",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: To determine if elevated rapid-response impulsivity following blast exposure (as a putative marker of ventral prefrontal cortex (vPFC) damage) is predictive of future elevated affective symptomatology in blast-exposed service members. <br><br>DESIGN: Longitudinal design with neurocognitive testing at initial assessment and one-year follow-up assessment of psychiatric symptomatology by telephone interview. SETTING: Veterans Administration medical centers and post-deployment assessment centers at military bases. PARTICIPANTS: Blast-exposed US military personnel (N=84) age 19-39. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D) scores, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) checklist (PCL-5) scores, and Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-C (AUDIT-C) scores at the 12-month follow-up telephone interview. <br><br>RESULTS: After controlling for age and affective symptom scores reported at initial assessment, commission errors on the Continuous Performance Test-II of the initial assessment were predictive of higher symptom scores in CES-D and PCL-5 at follow-up, but were not predictive of AUDIT-C scores. <br><br>CONCLUSION: Elevated rapid-response impulsivity, as a behavioral marker of reduced top-down frontocortical control, is a risk factor for elevated mood and PTSD symptoms over time in blast-exposed individuals. Future longitudinal studies with pre-deployment neurobehavioral testing could enable attribution of this relationship to blast-related vPFC damage.<br><br>Copyright © 2017 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0003-9993",
doi="10.1016/j.apmr.2017.03.022",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2017.03.022"
}